Burner nozzle pipe assembly



May 15, 1951 c. HQ NEIMAN, JR., ErAL. 2,553,520

BURNER NOZZLE PIPE ASSEMBLY Filed April 15, 1947 INVENTORS WA/Pz 5 H. NHA/MAM. mvp Gio/wf 144 wooo Patented May 1951 BURNER NOZZLE` PIPE ASSEMBLY 4Charles H. Neiman, Jr., and-George W. Wood, York, Pa., assgnors to York-Shipley, Inc., York, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Application April 15, 1947, Serial No. 741,506

(-Cl. 15S-JIS)` 6 `Claims.

. 1 K .This invention relates to liquid fu-el burners and more particularly to new and useful improvements in nozzle pipe assemblies for use in gun type burners.

In gun type oil burners, the liquid fuel is usual- Y ly atomized by being pumped through a relatively fine opening or openings in a fuel nozzle and.

combustion air is delivered by an air tube around the outside of the fuel spray which issues from .the nozzle. The nozzle and the surrounding air tube are directed into a combustion chamber in which combustion of the atomized fuel takes place.' Suitable vanes may be provided in the nose or forward end of the air tube to whirl or agitate the flow of combustion air in order to assure proper mixing of the air with the fuel spray and inorder to assist in controlling the shape of the Vcombustion flame. Various adjustments of thefuel nozzle and its relation to the air tube are often necessary to provide'for efficient combustion at the desired rate of fuel feed.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved nozzle pipe assembly for liquid fuel burners which `may be adjusted as a unit before insertion into an air tube and which will be firmly supported in proper alignment within the air tube when inserted therein.,

It is another object of this invention to provide a nozzle pipe assembly including a fuel pipe, a fuel nozzle, a fuel igniter, and a flame stabilizer connectedtogether to form a rigid single unit for insertion in or removal from the air or blast tube of a liquid fuel burner. n

It is another object of this invention to provide an improved nozzle pipe assembly having a novel flame stabilizer carried thereby for controlling the shape and burning efficiency of the combus-Y lizer in correct alignment in said tube.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a nozzle pipe assembly supporting a flame stabilizer so that adjustment of the nozzle in an air tube also positions the flame stabilizer in correct relation to the nozzle and air tube.

Stillother objects. and advantages of this in-v vention will be readily apparent to those skilled' in the art from the following description of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in thel accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure l is an elevational view, partly in sec v tion, of a nozzle pipe assembly positioned in the air or blast tube of a liquid fuel burner.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the outer end of the assembly taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional View of the flame stabilizer removed from the forward end of the nozzle pipe assembly and taken on line 3 3 of Figure 4.

Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view, partly cut away, taken on line 4-4 of Figure l, and showing the flame stabilizer positioned centrally of the tip of the air tube.

Figure 5 is an enlarged elevation View, partly in section, of the assembly supporting member taken on line 5-5 of Figure 1.

Referring particularlyto Figure 1 of the drawings, the air or blast tube of a liquid fuel burner is indicated by the numeral II. The air tube Il may be connected to the air conduit I2, leading from a conventional air blower (not shown) by a connecting fiange I3. The forward end of the air tube II is provided with a tapering tip I4 which may be a casting with inwardly extending vanes I5. The vanes I5 may be inclined or canted with respect to the axis of the air tube I I to cause the air blast from tip I4 to have a whirling motion. The air tube II may be supported in a suitable opening in a furnace wall with the air tube tip I4 directed into a combustion chamber.

The nozzle pipe assembly includes a nozzle assembly I6 secured on the forward end of the fuel supply conduit I1, the conduit passing through a central opening 25 in the assembly supporting member I8. The fuel conduit Il extends outward from the center of the air conduit I2 to a supply coupling 20 carried by a plate I5 and adapted to be connected t0 a source of liquid fuel under pump pressure. The coupling 25 may extend through a longitudinal slot in the air conduit I2 which permits the fitting 2i),y the fuel conduit II and the fuel nozzle I6 to be adjusted longitudinally in the air conduit and tube for control of the combustion flame. A knockout opening 2i may be provided in plate I9 to receive an electrical plug for use with electronic combustion controls. The fuel nozzle assembly I6 may be of conventional construction including a, nozzle holder and a nozzle tip designed to project fuel n oil in finely-divided or atomized form.

.gap 3 flows through the annular'space between tl'ielile- 'The nozzle pipe supporting member I8 may be a casting of aluminum or other metal of the general shape illustrated in Figure 5. The outer peri-phery of member I8 is provided with projecting lugs 25 which engage the inner surface of air tube II. Three lugs 25 are provided as shown to permit the member I8 and the fuel conduit and nozzle assembly to be freely inserted into and adjusted longitudinally within the air tube I I. Member I8 has a central opening 26 for the fuel conduit II, one or two radial set screws being used to secure the member It to the conduit II. The member I8 is also provided withspaced openings-21 to receive insulating tubes 12S, which llat- -to impart a whirling motion to that portion of the air which iiows through said passages.

Proper adjustment of the nozzle pipe assembly is facilitated by the fact that the fuel supply 5 conduit II, support I8, nozzle I6, and stabilizer 35 may be removed as a unit from the air tube I I. The nozzle VIt may .be then .easily cleaned, adjusted or replaced and may b e properly positioned on the supply conduit with respect .l to the support member IB. The ignition gap SEI may also be properly set. The stabilizer 35 maybe adjusted with respect to the nozzle I6 by r rnesinsbf .the .lock nuts 38 on the supporting `studs 3,6. Tfhe .stabilizer 35 may be supported ter support electrical leads 29 for the Yignition 15 with Yits outwardly vtapering surface 39 facing spark gap 3Q of conventional form. Radial set screws may be provided to engage bushings which secure the insulators 28 to member I8. An aperture 3I may be provided .in member I8 to admit a limited amount of air from the air conduit I 2 to flow adjacent to the nozzle IB and the spark However, most of the combustion air riphery of member I8 and the wall of the air tube .I'I.

An .annular vflame stabilizer .35 is Vrigidly sup- 'ported from the member i8 .by three .threaded .studs '36.V The studs 36 are threaded to tapped openings in the stabilizer "35 and are Aadjustably secured in openings 37 of member I8 by means y of lock nuts 38. The outer periphery of stabilizer 35`ispreferably of Vcylindrical shape to bereceived between the longitudinal inner edges of the vvanes I5 'of' tip I4. .The inner periphery of stabilizer' Igive the air passing therethrough a whirling .motion During-operation of the burner construction described above, the stabilizer 35'is efectiveto shield the nozzle Ipfrom the heat ofthe combustion name. By maintainingthe'temperature of the nozzle Iii belowoil crackingtemperature/s, the formation of carbon deposits within the nozzle and the clogging of the nozzle'passages are prevented. Keeping the nozze temperature low also avoids undue expansion of the nozzle parts and hence assures a uniform fuel spray. overheating of fuel nozzles has been a problem particularly with small ring rate burners :and especially during shut down periods. The present construction provides for the ow'of air at high velocity over the outside andthroug-h the inside of the stabilizer 35, and thus tends to keep the stabilizer at relatively lou/temperatures If the nozzle IG has any tendency to become'warmer than the stabilizer 35, the nozzle will-radiate-its heat to the stabilizer and the-heat may be carried away by the air ow over and through the stabilizer. The passages 4I in thestabilizer35 provide for a constant l-m of :air over the inner surface v39 of the stabilizer to prevent the building 4up of any carbon lforma-tions von the stabilizer. The air Vflow through the passages' lll also serves tocool the stabilmermore effectively. The-passagesdIv/may be fdrilled -at-#an'angle asshown instead of parallel -tof the stabilizer axis--inorder of stabilizer .35 rests on the inner edges of .the

vanos I5 .of .the air tip I The assembly may be adjusted 'longitudinally with respect to the air tip Ell by means of the sliding plate t9 in order that vthe relation of the stabilizer 3.5 to

the air tip I4 will be `such as to provide .a combustionflameof the desired shape. The .automatic centering of the stabilizer 3,5 within the air tip I4 assures that the fuel nozzle ,I6 ,will always be properly aligned with the air Ytip Iii.

The vconstruction described is .effective for the quiet burning of conventional fuel oils and fuel oils produced .by .catalytic cracking `processes with yhigh eiiciency 'Burner efficiency is pro.- moted bythe mixingofairl andfuelat-theproper is preferably of outwardly flaring shape having 35 placesin the burnercombustion head. The conafrusto-'conieal inner surface, as shown in Fig- .ure 3. The stabilizer is provided .with three tapped openings lie to .receive the supporting studs 3E. The stabilizer ring35 is also provided 'with a plurality of passageways I extending from the rear faceof the ring tolthe conical forward' face 39 topermit. air flow through the ring. The passageways 4I may be drilled at an angle :to 'the central axis of the stabilizer in order 4to struction .maintains high burner .effnciency at bQth low and high .rates of fuel consumption. The prevention of Yoverheating of the Yburner nozzle and the cooling of the .flame stabilizer 40 results in better combustion and avoids .the

formationof carbon deposits in thenozzle, or on thestabilizer. Theprovisionof means toautomatically center the jnozzle .and .flame stabilizer in theair Vtube.'perinitsease of .adjustment and inspection of itheiburner.construction. V.The construction shown is alsoladapted tobe installed as areplacement for. other types of .burners now in use.

VgIt willbe apparent that many 7changes in minor 150 details, Jproportions,anddesign may be carried out. withinthe scope of this invention as defined in the following claims.

What weclaimis:

i1. A nozzle npipe .assembly for use in a fluid A rfuel'burner'having anair tube having a forward end adapted to. communicate vwith a. combustion chamber, said assembly comprising in combination, a fuel/pipe,. a.fuel nozzle secured .on the forward end of said pipe, a circular member secured to said pipe rearward fromsaid nozzle and havingrrojetne .lugseneaseable with. ,the nside of said air tube, andan annular flame stabilizer rigidly connected towsaid memberand .extending forvvard from said nozzle, said stabilizer comprising an .annularA bodyhaving acendthrough the body of said `'stalzpilizer fondirectinga flow of a'rl'frem said. air iubesthrilsh-.saidanmear. .b osiv. t0 .Said'forwerd Surface pf. .Salesianlizer.

2- A. .nezzleripe assembly.. fer -use iniiud "-76@fuelcburnerhaving `an air tube having aforward end adapted to communicate with a combustion chamber, said assembly comprising in combination, a fuel pipe, a fuel nozzle secured on the forward end of said pipe, a circular member secured to said pipe rearward from said nozzle and spaced from the inside of said air tube, a plurality of studs secured to said member and extending forward of said nozzle, and an annular ilame stabilizer secured to said studs and extending forward from said nozzle, said stabilizer comprising an annular body having a tapering central bore alignedwith the fuel discharge axis of said nozzle and having an annular forward surface facing the direction `of fuel discharge and having a plurality of passageways extending therethrough for directing a limited iiow of air from said air tube through said body to the forward surface of said stabilizer.

3. In a burner construction having an air tube having a forward end adapted to communicate with a combustion chamber and having an annular row of inwardly projecting air vanes in the forward end of said air tube, a nozzle pipe assembly comprising in combination, a fuel pipe, a fuel nozzle secured on the forward end of said pipe, a member secured to said pipe rearward from said nozzle and engageable with the inside of saidair tube, and an annular flame stabilizer rigidly connected to said member and extending forward from said nozzle, said stabilizer being axially slidable on the inner edges of said air vanes and comprising an annular body having a central bore aligned with the fuel discharge axis of said nozzle and having an annular forward surface facing the direction of fuel discharge and also having a plurality of passageways extending therethrough for directing a limited flow of air from said air tube through said body to the forward surface of said stabilizer, said assembly being axially adjustable as a unit within said air tube with respect to said air vanes.

4. In a burner construction as set forth in claim 3, said passageways extending through said stabilizer being canted at an angle to the axis of said air tube for imparting a whirling movement to the air passing therethrough.

5. In a burner construction as set forth in claim 3, said stabilizer having its central bore tapering outwardly in the direction of fuel discharge.

6. In a burner construction having an air tube having a forward end adapted to communicate with a combustion chamber and having an annular row of inwardly projecting spiral air vanes in the forward end of said air tube, a nozzle pipe assembly comprising in combination, a fuel pipe, a fuel nozzle secured on the forward end of said pipe, a circular member secured to said pipe rearward of said nozzle and having projecting lugs engageable with the inside of said air tube to center said member and fuel nozzle in said tube, an annular fiame stabilizer, and a plurality of studs rigidly connecting said Stabilizer to said member, said stabilizer being axially slidable on the inner edges of said spiral air vanes and having a central tapering bore aligned with the axis of said nozzle, said member having a passageway therethrough for directing a limited :dow of air around said fuel nozzle, said stabilizer having a plurality of passageways therethrough canted at an angle to the axis of its central bore for directing a limited now of air across the forward surfaces of said stabilizer.

CHARLES I-I. NEIMAN, JR.

GEORGE W. WOOD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,965,411 Goodrich July 3, 1934 1,981,248 Purcell Nov. 20, 1934 2,056,561 Bork Oct. 6, 1936 2,065,042 Berryman Dec. 22, 1936 2,127,866 Haase Aug. 23, 1938 2,156,121 Macrae Apr. 25, 1939 2,163,915 Reif et al June 27, 1939 2,219,696 Mueller et al. Oct. 29, 1940 2,221,519 Jones et al Nov. 12, 1940 2,222,031 Hammer Nov. 19, 1940 2,233,529 I-Ierr Mar. 4, 1941 2,262,525 De Lancey Nov. 11, 1941 2,393,897 Glendenning Jan. 29, 1946 2,473,769 Schinman June 21, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 747,983 France Apr. 10, 1933 

